High-enthalpy volcanic geothermal systems, both liquid- and vapor-dominated, represent a major energy resource potential, with liquid-dominated systems contributing the majority of installed geothermal power capacity. Despite their importance, there remains a lack of comprehensive characterization distinguishing liquid- and vapor-dominated systems, leading to challenges in efficient energy exploration and sustainable reservoir management. This study addresses this gap by developing a generic model for both system types, focusing on key geological, hydrological, and thermal features that define the systems. Integrating data from 40 geothermal fields, we present new 3D conceptual models and distinguish surface and subsurface features between liquid- and vapor-dominated systems. Our new focus is on a specific geological framework of high-enthalpy geothermal systems, as follows: (1) a subduction regime (oceanic-continental, oceanic-oceanic) with (2) magmatism >50’000 years old and (3) reservoir temperatures >225°C. We also compare the liquid-dominated model to a site-specific case study at Lahendong, Indonesia, a high-enthalpy, liquid-dominated system, to demonstrate the applicability of the generic model during exploration and, additionally, the evolution of the system during exploitation stages, which is firstly done in this research. By distinguishing surface and subsurface characteristics, this research enhances the understanding of these systems, guiding future exploration strategies and development planning.